Miniaturization of CMOS

Miniaturization of analytical systems.

Miniaturization has been a long-term trend in clinical diagnostics instrumentation. Now a range of new technologies, including micromachining and molecular self-assembly, are providing the means for further size reduction of analyzers to devices with micro- to nanometer dimensions and submicroliter volumes. Many analytical techniques (e.g., mass spectrometry and electrophoresis) have been succe...

Miniaturization in Analytical Chemistry

Miniaturization is rapidly growing, with novel ideas emerging in recent years. Like other fields, analytical systems have been affected by this new technology. Concretely, the capacity to carry out laboratory operations on a small scale using miniaturized devices is very appealing. Micro total analysis systems (mTAS), also called lab-on-a-chip, have renewed interest in scaling laws in the last ...

Miniaturization of Flexible Screwing Cell

The research in mini, micro and desktop factories originates from the early 90’s and has continued since then by developing the technological basis and different technological building bricks and applications in the field of highprecision manufacturing and assembly of future miniaturised and micro products. This has paved the way for mini, micro and desktop factories which are seen as one poten...

The Miniaturization of Glass Electrodes.

The miniaturization of cation sensitive glass electrodes (Eisenman, 1962) is part of a programme designed to monitor continuously the plasma cationic concentrations in human extracorporeal circulations and in the physiologically normal animal. The investigation of diurnal and metabolic changes in plasma cationic parameters using flame photometry on samples from animals submitted to open operati...

Analytical miniaturization and nanotechnologies.